Precautions in selection of aluminum extrusion machine
Precautions in selection of aluminum extrusion machine
When selecting extrusion equipment, in addition to considering the thermal effect of extrusion speed on the metal to be extruded,
It is also necessary to consider that the press should have sufficient rigidity and guiding accuracy, as well as a reliable anti-overload device.
When extruding with a friction press, due to the different guiding precision of the equipment, a guiding device should be added on the die.
The ejector device should also be added for friction presses without an ejector device.
When extrude aluminum profiles with a general-purpose crank press, to increase the equipment’s strength and rigidity, the backing plate of the table should be cast steel material, and the holes on the table should be reduced.
Since the parts remain on the mold after extrusion, there is a large holding force between the extrusion part and the mold, and the required ejection force is large, about 10% to 20% of the nominal pressure, so the ejector device of the press should be strengthened.
In addition, the extrusion force and stroke should be verified according to the allowable load curve of the press slide.
That is, in the entire extrusion stroke range, the extrusion force should be less than the limit value of the stroke-pressure curve allowed by the press, and cannot be determined according to the nominal pressure.
The precision and extrusion stroke of the general press is not enough, and the pressure exerted in the middle of the stroke is only about 1/3 of the nominal pressure.
Therefore, when extruding, it is best to use a special industrial profiles aluminum extrusion machine as the extrusion equipment.
The toggle type industrial profiles aluminum extrusion press is characterized by small strokes, many strokes time, and long pressurization time, which is suitable for extruding aluminum profiles with short working strokes.
Tension toggle type and crankshaft aluminum extrusion presses are suitable for the extrusion of longer aluminum profiles.
The hydraulic industrial aluminum extrusion machine can work at the nominal pressure on the full stroke, the extrusion speed and stroke can be adjusted, and it is suitable for extruding parts with large lengths.
The selection of extrusion equipment should consider the following 5 points:
1. The form of extrusion equipment is selected according to the determined production plan and the requirements of the production process
According to the production plan, select the corresponding extrusion equipment, such as pipe production, bar production, online coiling wire production plan, etc.
Select the extrusion equipment suitable for the process according to the process requirements.
2. The extrusion equipment is selected according to the variety, specification, performance and quality requirements of the product
If the tonnage of the extruder is selected, first, according to the range of the specifications of the extruded product or the mill finish aluminum extrusion,
And considering the necessary degree of deformation, determine the size range of the billets and the required size range of the extrusion cylinder, so as to determine the selection of extrusion press tonnage capacity.
In addition, the form of the extruder is determined according to different varieties, specifications and quality requirements.
3. The extrusion equipment is selected according to the technological performance and structural characteristics of the extrusion equipment and the reasonable matching between each equipment
Different performance and structural characteristics determine the different uses of the extrusion press.
The reasonable setting and balance between the main equipment must be considered in the selection of extrusion equipment, so as to get full play to the equipment capacity and obtain higher production efficiency.
It is generally not allowed to stop work and wait for materials due to the inability of the main equipment to keep up.
4. The mechanization and automation requirements of extrusion equipment must be considered
In order to improve production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, reduce consumption, reduce costs, and improve the quality of extrusion products, the requirements for the mechanization and automation of extrusion equipment are getting higher and higher.
Therefore, when conditions permit, try to use advanced technical equipment when selecting extrusion equipment.
When selecting, the advanced technology and reliability must be inspected and demonstrated and verified by production practice.
At the same time, it should have the possible conditions for realization in enterprise production, and should not be blindly adopted.
In addition, under the condition that the selected extrusion equipment meets the existing requirements, it is necessary to consider leaving room for development.
Failure to consider this will result in a backward and passive situation, especially for the imported extrusion equipment.
5. The extrusion equipment has a better economic effect in the selection will be considered
In the case of existing standard extrusion equipment and general extrusion equipment, try to choose standard equipment and general equipment.
Especially in the introduction of extrusion equipment, the localization of spare parts should be considered, which is beneficial to improve economic efficiency, using effect and shorten the installation time of equipment.
In the absence of reference standards and general equipment, factors such as ease of manufacture and low cost should be considered, and reasonable technical parameters of extrusion equipment should be proposed according to process requirements.
Considering the civil design conditions of the factory and the existing water, electricity, wind and air conditions, as well as the average temperature and humidity conditions of the workshop in winter and summer, reasonable design requirements for extrusion equipment are put forward.
According to the selection principle of the extrusion press, the selection and design of the hydraulic system and the control method must be considered at the same time.
When the working time of the extrusion press accounts for more than 70%-80% of the entire extrusion cycle, and the extrusion speed does not change much, it is more economical to use a high-pressure pump for direct transmission.
The extrusion speed is fast, the time is short and the large extruder or unit is more economical to use the water pump accumulator to drive.
Some advanced extrusion machines in modern times have adopted the hydraulic system directly driven by the high-pressure oil pump, which saves the water pump station system and reduces the investment cost of the equipment.
The control system of the extrusion machine adopts a programmable logic control system to realize program control.
In addition to the PLC system, the modern extrusion press also uses extrusion data monitoring, fault diagnosis, extrusion product eccentricity monitoring, data production control and report printing systems.
The working reliability of the control system is high and the maintenance is easy, and it is easy to adapt to future function expansion with the advantages of scalability.
An important factor that needs to be considered when choosing an extrusion machine is the auxiliary equipment of the extrusion press, which together with the extrusion machine build up a complete production line.
In the working process of the extrusion, 30% to 70% of the working time is spent on auxiliary operations, which often affects the production efficiency of the extruder and the quality of the extruded products due to the imperfect structure of the auxiliary machine.
Therefore, the selection and design of auxiliary equipment are carefully considered to improve the quality of extruded products and improve the automation level of the operation line.
The auxiliary equipment of the extrusion line mainly includes a billets heating furnace with hot log shear, mold heating oven, run out table and cooling bed, aging furnace, single or double puller, etc.
In short, different extrusion equipment should be selected according to the structure, application, product variety and specification of the extrusion machine and production process requirements to ensure production efficiency and product quality.
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June 18, 2023